Ho sebelisoa hape ka polasetiki ho bolela mokhoa oa ho khutlisa litšila kapa polasetiki e lahliloeng le ho lokisa lisebelisoa hore e be lihlahisoa tse sebetsang hantle.Ketsahalo ena e tsejoa e le mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa polasetiki.Sepheo sa ho tsosolosa polasetiki ke ho fokotsa litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa tšilafalo ea polasetiki ha ho ntse ho beha khatello e fokolang holim'a thepa e sa tsoakoang ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse ncha tsa polasetiki.Mokhoa ona o thusa ho baballa lisebelisuoa le ho khelosa lipolasetiki ho tloha moo ho qhalloang lithōle kapa libakeng tse sa lebelloang tse kang maoatle.
Tlhokahalo ea ho Recycling Plastic
Plastiki ke thepa e tšoarellang, e bobebe ebile e theko e tlase.Li ka bōptjoa habonolo hore e be lihlahisoa tse fapa-fapaneng tse fumanang tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse ngata.Selemo se seng le se seng, ho etsoa lithane tse fetang limilione tse 100 tsa polasetiki lefatšeng ka bophara.Hoo e ka bang liponto tse limilione tse likete tse 200 tsa thepa e ncha ea polasetiki e entsoe ka thermoformed, foamed, laminated le extruded ka har'a liphutheloana le lihlahisoa tse limilione.Ka lebaka leo, ho sebelisoa hape, ho hlaphoheloa le ho sebelisoa hape ha polasetiki ke tsa bohlokoa haholo.
Ke Lipolasetiki life tse ka sebelisoang hape?
Ho na le mefuta e tšeletseng e tloaelehileng ea li-plastiki.Tse latelang ke tse ling tsa lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng tseo u tla li fumana bakeng sa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea polasetiki:
PS (Polystyrene) - Mohlala: linoelo tsa lino tse chesang tse foamng, likotlolo tsa polasetiki, lijana le yogurt.
PP (Polypropylene) – Mohlala: mabokose a lijo tsa motšeare, lijana tsa lijo tseo u ka li ntšang, lijana tsa ice cream.
LDPE (Polyethylene e tlase-tlase) – Mohlala: meqomo le mekotlana ea lithōle.
PVC (Plasticised Polyvinyl chloride kapa polyvinyl chloride)—Mohlala: libotlolo tse monate, tsa lero kapa tse petelitsoeng.
HDPE (Polyethylene e phahameng haholo) - Mohlala: lijana tsa shampoo kapa libotlolo tsa lebese.
PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) – Mohlala: lero la ditholwana le dibotlolo tsa dinotsididi.
Hajoale, ke lihlahisoa tsa polasetiki tsa PET, HDPE, le PVC feela tse sebelisoang hape tlas'a mananeo a curbside recycling.PS, PP, le LDPE ha e le hantle ha li sebelisoe hape hobane lisebelisoa tsena tsa polasetiki li qaoa ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa ho hlopha litsing tsa ho e sebelisa hape li etsa hore e robehe kapa e emise.Li-Lids le litlhōrō tsa libotlolo le tsona li ke ke tsa sebelisoa hape."Ho tsosolosa kapa ho se sebelise hape" ke potso e kholo ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho tsosolosa polasetiki.Mefuta e meng ea polasetiki ha e sebelisoe hape hobane ha e khonehe ho etsa joalo.
Lintlha tse ling tsa Potlako ea Polasetiki ea Potlako
Hora e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, Maamerika a sebelisa libotlolo tsa polasetiki tse limilione tse 2,5, tseo boholo ba tsona li lahliloeng.
Hoo e ka bang 9.1% ea tlhahiso ea polasetiki e ile ea sebelisoa hape US ka 2015, e fapana ho ea ka sehlopha sa lihlahisoa.Liphutheloana tsa polasetiki li ile tsa sebelisoa hape ho 14.6%, thepa ea nako e telele ea polasetiki ho 6.6%, le thepa e meng e sa tšoarelleng nako e telele ho 2.2%.
Hona joale, karolo ea 25 lekholong ea litšila tsa polasetiki e sebelisoa hape Europe.
Maamerika a ile a sebelisa lithane tse limilione tse 3.14 tsa polasetiki ka 2015, ho tloha ho limilione tse 3.17 ka 2014.
Ho sebelisa polasetiki hape ho nka matla a tlase ho 88% ho feta ho hlahisa lipolasetiki ka thepa e ncha e tala.
Hajoale, hoo e ka bang 50% ea lipolasetiki tseo re li sebelisang li lahleloa hang feela ka mor'a tšebeliso e le 'ngoe.
Plastiki e etsa 10% ea kakaretso ea litšila lefatšeng ka bophara.
Plastiki e ka nka lilemo tse makholo ho senyeha
Lipolasetiki tse qetellang ka maoatleng li robeha likotoana tse nyenyane ’me selemo se seng le se seng liphoofolo tse anyesang tse ka bang 100 000 le linonyana tsa leoatleng tse milione lia bolaoa ha li ja likotoana tseo tse nyenyane tsa polasetiki.
Matla a bolokiloeng ho botlolong e le 'ngoe feela ea polasetiki a ka matlafatsa tleloubu ea 100 watt nako e ka etsang hora.
Mokhoa oa ho Recycling ea Plastiki
Mokhoa o bonolo ka ho fetisisa oa ho sebelisa polasetiki o kenyelletsa ho bokella, ho hlophisa, ho senya, ho hlatsoa, ho qhibiliha le ho penta.Mekhoa ea 'nete e fapana ho latela resin ea polasetiki kapa mofuta oa sehlahisoa sa polasetiki.
Lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa polasetiki li sebelisa mehato e 'meli e latelang:
Mohato oa Pele: Hlopha lipolasetiki ka bohona kapa ka mofuta oa matsoho ho etsa bonnete ba hore litšila tsohle li tlositsoe molapong oa litšila oa polasetiki.
Mohato oa Bobeli: Qhibiliha lipolasetiki ka ho toba sebopehong se secha kapa ho qhetsola li-flakes ebe lia qhibiliha pele li fetoloa hore e be granulate.
The Latest Advans in Plastic Recycling
Litlhahiso tse ntseng li tsoela pele litheknolojing tsa ho tsosolosa li entse hore mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa polasetiki o be bonolo le ho boloka chelete e ngata.Theknoloji e joalo e kenyelletsa li-detectors tse tšepahalang le software e rarahaneng ea liqeto le kananelo tse eketsang tlhahiso le ho nepahala ha ho hlopha lipolasetiki ka boiketsetso.Ka mohlala, li-detectors tsa FT-NIR li ka matha lihora tse ka bang 8,000 pakeng tsa liphoso tsa li-detectors.
Tlhahiso e 'ngoe e hlokomelehang ea ho sebelisa polasetiki hape e bile ho fumaneng lits'ebetso tsa boleng bo holimo bakeng sa li-polymers tse nchafalitsoeng ts'ebetsong ea li-loop-loop recycling.Ka mohlala, ho tloha ka 2005, maqephe a PET a thermoforming UK a ka ba le karolo ea 50 lekholong ho isa ho 70 lekholong ea PET e sebelisoang hape ka ho sebelisa A/B/A layer sheets.
Haufinyane tjena, linaha tse ling tsa EU ho kenyeletsoa Jeremane, Spain, Italy, Norway le Austria li se li qalile ho bokella liphutheloana tse thata joalo ka lipitsa, libate le literei hammoho le liphutheloana tse fokolang tsa morao-rao tsa bareki.Ka lebaka la lintlafatso tsa morao-rao tsa mahlale a ho hlatsoa le ho hlopha, ho se ho ka khoneha hore ho boele ho sebelisoe liphutheloana tsa polasetiki tseo e seng tsa botlolo.
Mathata bakeng sa Indasteri ea ho Recycling ea Plastiki
Ho tsosolosa polasetiki ho tobana le mathata a mangata, ho tloha ho li-plastiki tse tsoakiloeng ho ea ho masala a thata ho tlosa.Pheliso e baballang le e sebetsang hantle ea phallo ea polasetiki e tsoakiloeng mohlomong ke phephetso e kholo ka ho fetisisa e tobaneng le indasteri ea ho e sebelisa.Litsebi li lumela hore ho rala liphutheloana tsa polasetiki le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa polasetiki ka mohopolo oa ho li sebelisa hape ho ka bapala karolo e kholo ho tobane le phephetso ena.
Ho hlaphoheloa le ho sebelisoa hape ha liphutheloana tsa morao-rao tsa bareki ke bothata ba ho sebelisa hape.Mehaho e mengata ea ho hlaphoheloa ha thepa le ba boholong sebakeng sa heno ha ba e bokelle ka mafolofolo ka lebaka la khaello ea lisebelisoa tse ka li arolang ka katleho le habonolo.
Tšilafalo ea polasetiki ea leoatleng e se e le sebaka sa morao tjena se tšoenyang sechaba.Polasetiki ea leoatle e lebelletsoe ho imena ka makhetlo a mararo lilemong tse leshome tse tlang, 'me ho ameha ha sechaba ho khothalelitse mekhatlo e etelletseng pele lefats'eng ka bophara ho nka khato mabapi le taolo e betere ea lisebelisoa tsa polasetiki le thibelo ea tšilafalo.
Melao ea ho Recycling ea Plastiki
Ho sebelisoa hape ha libotlolo tsa polasetiki ho entsoe tlamo literekeng tse 'maloa tsa US ho kenyeletsoa California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania le Wisconsin.Ka kopo latela likhokahano tse fapaneng ho fumana lintlha tse qaqileng tsa melao ea polasetiki naheng ka 'ngoe.
Ho Sheba Pele
Ho tsosolosa ho bohlokoa bakeng sa tsamaiso e sebetsang ea polasetiki ea ho qetela.Keketseho ea litefiso tsa ho recycle li bakiloeng ke tlhokomeliso e kholoanyane ea sechaba le katleho e ntseng e eketseha ea ts'ebetso ea ho tsosolosa.Bokhoni ba ts'ebetso bo tla tšehetsoa ke matsete a tsoelang pele lipatlisisong le nts'etsopele.
Ho sebelisoa bocha ha mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa tsa polasetiki tse sebelisoang ka morao ho bareki le ho paka ho tla matlafatsa ho sebelisoa hape le ho khelosa litšila tse ngata tsa polasetiki tse sa feleng ho tsoa litsing tsa lithōle.Indasteri le baetsi ba melaoana le bona ba ka thusa ho khothaletsa ts'ebetso ea ho e sebelisa hape ka ho hloka kapa ho khothaletsa tšebeliso ea resin e tsosolositsoeng khahlano le lipolasetiki tsa khale.
Mekhatlo ea Indasteri ea ho Recycled ea Plastiki
Mekhatlo ea indasteri ea polasetiki ke mekhatlo e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho khothaletsa ntlafatso ea polasetiki, e nolofalletsang litho ho aha le ho boloka likamano lipakeng tsa batho ba sebelisang polasetiki, le ho buella 'muso le mekhatlo e meng ho thusa ho theha tikoloho e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa indasteri ea ho recycle ea polasetiki.
The Association of Plastic Recyclers (APR): APR e emela indasteri ea machaba ea ho tsosolosa polasetiki.E emela litho tsa eona tse kenyelletsang lik'hamphani tse sebelisang polasetiki tsa boholo bo fapaneng, lik'hamphani tsa lihlahisoa tsa polasetiki tsa bareki, baetsi ba lisebelisoa tsa polasetiki, lilaboratori tsa liteko le mekhatlo e ikemiselitseng ho nts'etsapele le katleho ea ho sebelisa polasetiki hape.APR e na le mananeo a mangata a thuto ho nchafatsa litho tsa eona mabapi le mahlale a morao-rao a ho sebelisoa hape a polasetiki.
Plastics Recyclers Europe (PRE): E thehiloe ka 1996, PRE e emela li-recyclers tsa polasetiki Europe.Hajoale, e na le litho tse fetang 115 tse tsoang hohle Europe.Selemong sa pele sa ho thehoa, litho tsa PRE li ile tsa sebelisa lithane tse 200 000 feela tsa litšila tsa polasetiki, leha ho le joalo joale kakaretso ea hona joale e feta lithane tse limilione tse 2.5.PRE e hlophisa lipontšo tsa polasetiki le likopano tsa selemo le selemo ho thusa litho tsa eona ho buisana ka lintlafatso tsa morao-rao le mathata a indasteri.
Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI): ISRI e emetse lik'hamphani tse nyane ho isa ho tse kholo tsa machaba tse fetang 1600 tse kenyelletsang bahlahisi, li-processor, barekisi le bareki ba indasteri ba mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa tse lahliloeng.Litho tse ikopantseng tsa mokhatlo ona oa Washington DC li kenyelletsa lisebelisoa le bafani ba lits'ebeletso tsa mantlha indastering ea ho tsosolosa matlakala.
Nako ea poso: Jul-27-2020